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EVPN Integrated Routing and Bridging (IRB) has two options: Asymmetric IRB Symmetric IRB Assymetric IRB Ingress VTEP does both L2 and L3 lookup Egress VTEP does L2 lookup only => Bridge – Route – Bridge Pros: “easy” to configure – just copy/paste. Identical config with the only difference in SVI IP addresses. Cons: on the way back, traffic will be reversed...
Two control planes for the VXLAN technology: Multicast control plane (flood-and learn) MP-BGP EVPN control plane MP-BGP EVPN is a standard-based VXLAN control protocol, that provides remote VTEP discovery and MAC/ARP learning. Ethernet Virtual Private Network (EVPN) reduces flooding in the network and resolves scalability concerns. MP-BGP is used to exchange information between VTEPs Devices might be MP-iBGP EVPN peers or...
Two control planes for the VXLAN technology: Multicast control plane (flood and learn) MP-BGP EVPN control plane Virtual Extensible Local Area Networks (VXLANs) allows to extend reachability of a VLAN within a data center over Layer 3. Every VTEP with specific VXLAN and certain VNI will join the same multicast group. To learn remote MAC addresses, the VTEP will use conversational...
VXLAN is a tunneling protocol that encapsulates Layer 2 Ethernet frames in Layer 3 UDP packets. Why VXLAN: VLAN Scalability – expands VLAN name space VLANs use 12 bit -4096 values VXLAN uses 24 bit – 16777216 values allows layer 2 multipathing no STP uses layer 3 ECMP over CLOS fabric (like FabricPath) allows for multi-tenancy separate of customer traffic over shared...
The Interchassis High Availability feature (box-to-box redundancy) enables the configuration of pairs of routers to act as backup for each other. Failover: the standby router seamlessly takes over and starts processing call signaling and performing media forwarding tasks. Note: failover causes reboot by design. Configuration on ISR 4000 series Enable CUBE and redundancy on both routers: Configure an redundancy group with...
I found several ways monitoring SIP calls in PRTG using SNMP. Monitor active calls using SIP legs/2 Monitor each dial-peer separately and combine them in the Sensor Factory Just monitor multiple OIDs in one Sensor Enable SNMP on the CUBE: 1. Monitor active calls using SIP legs Idea: check how many SIP legs on the voice gateways (show call active voice...
FabricPath (FP) is a L2 Routing = “MAC-in-MAC” Routing. FabricPath is Cisco proprietary and works in the same way as TRILL (Transparent Interconnection of Lots of Links) that is an IETF standard. FP: to remove STP from the topology vPC: only 2 switches FP: full mesh, partial mesh, triangle, square etc Components: Classical Ethernet (CE) regular ethernet with regular flooding, regular...
vPC Orphan Ports – Traffic from remote Orphan is allowed over Peer Link and exit via local Member– Traffic from remote Member is allowed over Peer Link and exit via local Orphan-Orphans ports should be avoided at all costs because PL is a bottleneck of the system Ideal: vPC Peers only have vPC Member Ports and all downstream devices are dual...
FHRP acts as active/active forwarding over vPC: traffic received in vPC Member Port of FHRP Standby to FHRP Virtual MAC is not forwarded over Peer Link to Active FHRP – essentially HSRP Standby acts as HSRP Active peer-gateway allows to proxy not only virtual active MAC address but also to proxy physical primary MAC address (in case destination MAC address is...
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